Transformer-Evolution-Paper
  • README
  • 数学符号
  • Act
    • A survey on recently proposed activation functions for Deep Learning
  • Arch
    • Supplementary Material Implementation and Experiments for GAU-based Model
    • MetaFormer is Actually What You Need for Vision
    • Deeper vs Wider A Revisit of Transformer Configuration
    • Perceiver General Perception with Iterative Attention
    • General-purpose, long-context autoregressive modeling with Perceiver AR
    • Hierarchical Transformers Are More Efficient Language Models
    • Branchformer: Parallel MLP-Attention Architectures to Capture Local and Global Context for Speech Recognition and Understanding
    • Generalization through Memorization: Nearest Neighbor Language Models
  • FFN
    • Large Memory Layers with Product Keys
    • Transformer Feed-Forward Layers Are Key-Value Memories
    • GLU Variants Improve Transformer
    • Simple Recurrence Improves Masked Language Models
    • Pay Attention to MLPs
    • S2-MLP Spatial-Shift MLP Architecture for Vision
    • S2-MLPv2 Improved Spatial-Shift MLP Architecture for Vision
    • HyperMixer An MLP-based Green AI Alternative to Transformers
    • DeFINE: DEep Factorized INput Token Embeddings for Neural Sequence Modeling & DeLighT: Deep and Light-weight Transformer
    • When Shift Operation Meets Vision Transformer: An Extremely Simple Alternative to Attention Mechanism
    • Sparse MLP for Image Recognition: Is Self-Attention Really Necessary?
  • Head
    • Multi-Head Attention Collaborate Instead of Concatenate
    • Fast Transformer Decoding: One Write-Head is All You Need
  • Memory
    • Compressive Transformers for Long-Range Sequence Modelling
    • Memformer The Memory-Augmented Transformer
    • Memory Transformer
    • Do Transformers Need Deep Long-Range Memory
    • LaMemo Language Modeling with Look-Ahead Memory
    • GMAT Global Memory Augmentation for Transformers
    • Block-Recurrent Transformers
    • Augmenting Self-attention with Persistent Memory
    • Recurrent Memory Transformer
    • Memorizing Transformers
    • Scaling Transformer to 1M tokens and beyond with RMT
    • Adapting Language Models to Compress Contexts
  • MHA
    • FFT
      • Fourier Neural Operator for Parametric Partial Differential Equations
      • Global Filter Networks for Image Classification
      • Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators: Efficient Token Mixers for Transformers
      • FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms
    • LocalGlobal
      • CrossFormer: A Versatile Vision Transformer Hinging on Cross-scale Attention
      • Nested Hierarchical Transformer: Towards Accurate, Data-Efficient and Interpretable Visual Understanding
      • Neighborhood Attention Transformer
      • FMMformer: Efficient and Flexible Transformer via Decomposed Near-field and Far-field Attention
      • Adaptive Attention Span in Transformers
      • CoLT5: Faster Long-Range Transformers with Conditional Computation
    • MatrixMethod
      • Skyformer Remodel Self-Attention with Gaussian Kernel and Nyström Method
      • Is Attention Better Than Matrix Decomposition
    • RightProduct
      • Kronecker Attention Networks
      • An Attention Free Transformer
      • Transformer with Fourier Integral Attentions
      • Linear Complexity Randomized Self-attention Mechanism
      • UFO-ViT: High Performance Linear Vision Transformer without Softmax
      • XCiT: Cross-Covariance Image Transformers
      • SimpleTRON: Simple Transformer with O(N) Complexity
      • A Dot Product Attention Free Transformer
      • On Learning the Transformer Kernel
      • Momentum Transformer: Closing the Performance Gap Between Self-attention and Its Linearization
    • SparseOrLowRank
      • Explicit Sparse Transformer: Concentrated Attention Through Explicit Selection
      • Scatterbrain: Unifying Sparse and Low-rank Attention Approximation
      • Sparse Factorization of Large Square Matrices
      • Blockwise Self-Attention for Long Document Understanding
      • H-Transformer-1D: Fast One-Dimensional Hierarchical Attention for Sequences
      • ChunkFormer: Learning Long Time Series with Multi-stage Chunked Transformer
      • Enhancing the Locality and Breaking the Memory Bottleneck of Transformer on Time Series Forecasting
      • Fast Transformers with Clustered Attention
      • Long-Short Transformer: Efficient Transformers for Language and Vision
      • LongT5: Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for Long Sequences
      • Luna: Linear Unified Nested Attention
      • Memory-efficient Transformers via Top-k Attention
      • Separable Self-attention for Mobile Vision Transformers
      • Simple Local Attentions Remain Competitive for Long-Context Tasks
      • You Only Sample (Almost) Once: Linear Cost Self-Attention Via Bernoulli Sampling
    • Others
      • Synthesizer: Rethinking Self-Attention in Transformer Models
      • Transformer Dissection: A Unified Understanding of Transformer's Attention via the Lens of Kern
      • Combiner Full Attention Transformer with Sparse Computation Cost
      • Ripple Attention for Visual Perception with Sub-quadratic Complexity
      • Sinkformers: Transformers with Doubly Stochastic Attention
      • SOFT: Softmax-free Transformer with Linear Complexity
      • Value-aware Approximate Attention
      • EL-Attention: Memory Efficient Lossless Attention for Generation
      • Flowformer: Linearizing Transformers with Conservation Flows
      • ETSformer: Exponential Smoothing Transformers for Time-series Forecasting
      • IGLOO: Slicing the Features Space to Represent Sequences
      • Swin Transformer V2: Scaling Up Capacity and Resolution
      • Skip-Attention: Improving Vision Transformers by Paying Less Attention
  • Normalize_And_Residual
    • ReZero is All You Need Fast Convergence at Large Depth
    • Batch Normalization Biases Residual Blocks Towards the Identity Function in Deep Networks
    • Improving Deep Transformer with Depth-Scaled Initialization and Merged Attention
    • RealFormer Transformer Likes Residual Attention
    • On Layer Normalizations and Residual Connections in Transformers
    • Transformers without Tears: Improving the Normalization of Self-Attention
    • Query-Key Normalization for Transformers
    • Understanding the difficulty of training transformers
  • Pe
    • A Simple and Effective Positional Encoding for Transformers
    • DeBERTa Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention
    • DecBERT Enhancing the Language Understanding of BERT with Causal Attention Masks
    • Encoding word order in complex embeddings
    • Improve Transformer Models with Better Relative Position Embeddings
    • KERPLE Kernelized Relative Positional Embedding for Length Extrapolation
    • PermuteFormer Efficient Relative Position Encoding for Long Sequences
    • Rethinking Positional Encoding in Language Pre-training
    • Transformer-XL Attentive Language Models Beyond a Fixed-Length Context
    • Translational Equivariance in Kernelizable Attention
    • Transformer Language Models without Positional Encodings Still Learn Positional Information
    • Stable, Fast and Accurate: Kernelized Attention with Relative Positional Encoding
    • Randomized Positional Encodings Boost Length Generalization of Transformers
  • Pretrain
    • XLNet Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding
    • Transcormer Transformer for Sentence Scoring with Sliding Language Modeling
    • Optimus Organizing Sentences via Pre-trained Modeling of a Latent Space
    • ELECTRA Pre-training Text Encoders as Discriminators Rather Than Generators
    • Cramming: Training a Language Model on a Single GPU in One Day
  • Softmax
    • Transformer with a Mixture of Gaussian Keys
    • Normalized Attention Without Probability Cage
  • Others
    • Accelerating Neural Transformer via an Average Attention Network
    • Do Transformer Modifications Transfer Across Implementations and Applications?
    • Object-Centric Learning with Slot Attention
    • Do Transformer Modifications Transfer Across Implementations and Applications?
    • Why self-attention is Natural for Sequence-to-Sequence Problems? A Perspective from Symmetries
  • LongConv
    • Legendre Memory Units: Continuous-Time Representation in Recurrent Neural Networks
    • Parallelizing Legendre Memory Unit Training
    • Simplified State Space Layers for Sequence Modeling
    • Pretraining Without Attention
    • What Makes Convolutional Models Great on Long Sequence Modeling?
    • Hungry Hungry Hippos: Towards Language Modeling with State Space Models
    • Hyena Hierarchy: Towards Larger Convolutional Language Models
    • RWKV
    • Simple Hardware-Efficient Long Convolutions for Sequence Modeling
    • Time-aware large kernel convolutions
    • Resurrecting Recurrent Neural Networks for Long Sequences
    • CKConv: Continuous Kernel Convolution For Sequential Data
    • FlexConv: Continuous Kernel Convolutions with Differentiable Kernel Sizes
    • Towards a General Purpose CNN for Long Range Dependencies in ND
  • Rnn
    • When Attention Meets Fast Recurrence: Training Language Models with Reduced Compute
    • Linear Transformers Are Secretly Fast Weight Programmers
    • Going Beyond Linear Transformers with Recurrent Fast Weight Programmers
    • Parallelizing Linear Recurrent Neural Nets Over Sequence Length
    • Quasi-recurrent neural networks
  • CrossAttention
    • Neural Machine Translation in Linear Time
  • Inference
    • Extrapolation
      • Parallel Context Windows for Large Language Models
      • Structured Prompting: Scaling In-Context Learning to 1,000 Examples
      • Naive Bayes-based Context Extension
  • Peft
    • Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning without Introducing New Latency
    • Make Your Pre-trained Model Reversible: From Parameter to Memory Efficient Fine-Tuning
  • LLM
    • LLM Details Summary
    • What Language Model to Train if You Have One Million GPU Hours?
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • 整体思路以及计算方式
  • 时间复杂度
  • 训练以及loss
  • 代码
  • 实验以及适用场景
  • 细节
  • 简评
  1. Softmax

Normalized Attention Without Probability Cage

论文地址：

  • https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.09561

整体思路以及计算方式

本文对MHA\mathrm{MHA}MHA中Softmax\mathrm{Softmax}Softmax归一化方式提出了疑问，通过理论，实验的方式证明了其他归一化方式也能达到相当的效果。原文测试了很多种方法，这里给出效果最好的一种NormalizedAttentionPooling(NAP)\mathrm{Normalized Attention Pooling (NAP)}NormalizedAttentionPooling(NAP)的计算方式：

  • 给定Q,K,V∈Rn×d\mathbf{Q, K, V}\in \mathbb R^{n\times d}Q,K,V∈Rn×d

  • 计算相似度str=qt⊤kr∈Rs_{tr}= \mathbf q_t^{\top} \mathbf k_r \in \mathbb Rstr​=qt⊤​kr​∈R

  • 定义归一化函数：

    normalize⁡(x)j=g⋅xj−μxσx+bμx=1N∑jxjσx=1N∑j(xj−μx)2\begin{aligned} \operatorname{normalize}({x})_{j}&=g \cdot \frac{x_{j}-\mu_{{x}}}{\sigma_{{x}}}+b \\ \mu_{{x}}&=\frac{1}{N} \sum_{j} x_{j}\\ \sigma_{{x}}&=\frac{1}{N} \sum_{j}\left(x_{j}-\mu_{{x}}\right)^{2} \end{aligned}normalize(x)j​μx​σx​​=g⋅σx​xj​−μx​​+b=N1​j∑​xj​=N1​j∑​(xj​−μx​)2​

  • 按行归一化相似度：normalize([(st1,…,stn)])\mathrm{normalize}([(s_{t1},\ldots,s_{tn})])normalize([(st1​,…,stn​)])

  • 剩余部分同MHA\mathrm{MHA}MHA计算

时间复杂度

只是换了归一化的方式，所以时间复杂度为O(n2d)O(n^2 d)O(n2d)。

训练以及loss

没有变化。

代码

  • https://github.com/lucidrains/all-normalization-transformer

  • https://github.com/OliverRichter/normalized-attention

实验以及适用场景

适用于Encoder, Decoder；原论文只做了验证实验，没有跑性能实验。

细节

暂无。

简评

总结：

  • 讨论了Softmax\mathrm{Softmax}Softmax是否必要的问题，从验证实验上来说不是必须的；

  • 比较简单，值得复现；

PreviousTransformer with a Mixture of Gaussian KeysNextOthers

Last updated 2 years ago